译雅馨翻译公司移动版

语言表达能力的提高绝非一朝一夕的事，只有平时多练习，留心英语的表达方式,才能写出地道的英语。

要使语言流畅,表达淸楚,首先应该做到表达正确、不犯语法错误。另外,记住一些常用的词组和句型可以作应考之用。译雅馨翻译公司从以下三个问题谈论：易犯的锗误、过渡性词语和常用的句型。

一、易犯的错误

在各种各样的错误中，除了粗心大意外.很多是由于缺乏牢固的语法知识。下面归纳出几种典型的错误，目的是引起注意，确保自己不犯这些错误。

1.句子不完整

从句独立使用时就是不完整的句子,因为从句必须和主句同时使用。由连词引导的句子只能作从句。例如：

Because she is an easy-going girl. Unless he works hard.

两个句子都缺少主句，因此是不完整的,可以改为： Because she is an easy-going girUeveryone likes hcr. Unless he works hardthe won't pass the exam. ' 缺少谓语动词的句子同样也不完整。例如： For example»to listen to music or to see films.可改为： For example ,we like to listen to music or to see films.

2.随意更换

同一个句子中应该保持同一种语气和语态，正确使用时态和指代。违背了这一点，就叫作随意更换。例如：

Heat the soup for ten minutes,then you remove it from the oven.(祈使语气—陈述语气）

She changed the bulb;then the light was turned on.(主动语态"-被动语态）

We are living in buildings which migrant workers had built.(现在时——过去完成时〉

Work hard and study hard when we are young.(第二人称——第一人称）

After an athlete finishes long-distance running,they should cool down.(单数——复数）

3.主谓不一致

谓语动词的形式要与主语的单复数保持一致。有时，由于主i吾与谓语相隔较远,或由于主 语的待殊形式，或由于主语后面的附加成分，会造成判断错误•关于这一点，请参阅本书第五部 分广辨错与改错”的第三节.

需要强调两个原则.先看三个例句：

The parents or Ginny have go ne to the muséum.

Neither the teacher nor the students was prepared.

The mother together with her children were waiting.

这三个都是病句。前两句违反了“就近原则”，第三句违反了“不变原则”。

(1) 就近原则

用 or’nor,either...or,neither... nor,not... but.not only... but(also)连接主语时，谓语 动词与最近的主语保持数的一致。病句应改为：

The parents or Ginny has gone to the muséum. Neither the teacher nor the students were prepared.

(2) 不变原则

由短语 together with,in addition to，as well as.along with,accompanied by 等连接的主 语，不影响原来主语的单复数形式.例如：

The mother together with her children is waiting. Students»accompanied by their teacher,were having a game.

4.垂悬修饰语

修饰语是修饰句子中的某一戌分的，可以由分词、不定式、短语或从句等充当.但是,当被 修饰的成分拫本不存在时,这个修饰语躭变成了垂悬修饰语。例如： Looking out from the window»the scene was fantastic.

这个分词短语应该修饰某个人的,但句中并没有这一成分,因此分词短语就成了垂悬修饰 语.可改为：

Looking out from the window,he found the scene was fantastic.或 When he looked out from the window.the scene was fantastic. 类似的病句还有：

To pass the exam,these exercises must be done. At the âge of three,his mother left the city. 应改为：

To pass thç exam,he/you must do these exercises. When he was three years old,his mother left the city.